Exploring Traditional Knowledge System in Kamrupa: A Study of Secular and Vocational Education

Abstract

Formal education, except the hereditary professional learning, was first introduced by the Aryans who migrated to Pragjyotisha or Kamrupa about the beginning of the Christian era. Religious teachings were prevalent in ancient Assam like other parts of India; and other branches of secular and vocational education system were also imparted in this land. Traditional knowledge system definitely flourished in Kamrupa. The royal princes were expected to become acquainted with the administration of justice during their period of schooling. Some knowledge of the use of arms and military skill naturally formed part of their education. The art of warfare and the science of polity formed a part of the educational training of the princes and nobles. The medical science concerning both human beings and animals are enshrined in the Ayurveda was also studied and practiced. Among the sub-castes, Vaidyas and Daivajnas practiced the science of medicine and astrology respectively. The veterinary science specially dealing with diseases of elephants and horses was cultivated in Kamrupa and this system of treating animal ailments has been in vogue since the time of the Hastyurveda. Kamrupa had its own system of astrological and astronomical calculations. Jyotisha, astrology, received special attention of scholars and attracted pupils.  A system of working out arithmetic known as Kaitheli Amka has been in existence in Assam from early times. The art of dancing, both classical and folk, has a long tradition in Kamrupa. In ancient Assam, barks of Agaru trees were most probably used as writing material; the use of about Agaru bark is also furnished by Harshacharita. This paper is a humble attempt to throw light on the advancement of traditional knowledge in Kamrupa with reference to secular and vocational education.