There is a severe issue of water pollution all over the world because of the limited fresh water supply and the increasing output of waste water, which pollutes rivers, lakes, water bodies and the ground water that is available. Water pollution in India is also a major threat to human health, aquatic life, vegetation, and the overall ecological balance. There have been a plethora of environmental laws implemented around the world, including India, to address this worrisome problem, but the situation is only becoming worse over time. There are many factors that contribute to water pollution, but the authors of this research have taken an international viewpoint with an emphasis on India, in order to provide an overall picture as well as direct the attention of policymakers on how best to battle this problem.